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Introduction
Preface
1. Introduction
2. Chemistry in Context
3. Phases and Classification of Matter
4. Physical and Chemical Properties
5. Measurements
6. Measurement Uncertainty, Accuracy, and Precision
7. Mathematical Treatment of Measurement Results
8. Introduction
9. Early Ideas in Atomic Theory
10. Evolution of Atomic Theory
11. Atomic Structure and Symbolism
12. Chemical Formulas
13. The Periodic Table
14. Molecular and Ionic Compounds
15. Chemical Nomenclature
16. Introduction
17. Formula Mass and the Mole Concept
18. Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas
19. Molarity
20. Other Units for Solution Concentrations
21. Introduction
22. Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations
23. Classifying Chemical Reactions
24. Reaction Stoichiometry
25. Reaction Yields
26. Quantitative Chemical Analysis
27. Introduction
28. Energy Basics
29. Calorimetry
30. Enthalpy
31. Introduction
32. Electromagnetic Energy
33. The Bohr Model
34. Development of Quantum Theory
35. Electronic Structure of Atoms (Electron Configurations)
36. Periodic Variations in Element Properties
37. Introduction
38. Ionic Bonding
39. Covalent Bonding
40. Lewis Symbols and Structures
41. Formal Charges and Resonance
42. Strengths of Ionic and Covalent Bonds
43. Molecular Structure and Polarity
44. Introduction
45. Valence Bond Theory
46. Hybrid Atomic Orbitals
47. Multiple Bonds
48. Molecular Orbital Theory
49. Introduction
50. Gas Pressure
51. Relating Pressure, Volume, Amount, and Temperature: The Ideal Gas Law
52. Stoichiometry of Gaseous Substances, Mixtures, and Reactions
53. Effusion and Diffusion of Gases
54. The Kinetic-Molecular Theory
55. Non-Ideal Gas Behavior
56. Introduction
57. Intermolecular Forces
58. Properties of Liquids
59. Phase Transitions
60. Phase Diagrams
61. The Solid State of Matter
62. Lattice Structures in Crystalline Solids
63. Introduction
64. Spontaneity
65. Entropy
66. The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
67. Free Energy
68. Introduction
69. The Dissolution Process
70. Electrolytes
71. Solubility
72. Colligative Properties
73. Colloids
74. Introduction
75. Chemical Reaction Rates
76. Factors Affecting Reaction Rates
77. Rate Laws
78. Integrated Rate Laws
79. Collision Theory
80. Reaction Mechanisms
81. Catalysis
82. Introduction
83. Chemical Equilibria
84. Equilibrium Constants
85. Shifting Equilibria: Le Châtelier’s Principle
86. Gibbs Energy and Equilibrium
87. Equilibrium Calculations
88. Introduction
89. Review - Ionic Compounds in Aqueous Solution
D. Vanderwel
90. Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
91. pH and pOH
92. Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases
93. Hydrolysis of Salts
94. Polyprotic Acids
95. Buffers
96. Acid-Base Titrations
97. Introduction
98. Precipitation and Dissolution
99. Lewis Acids and Bases
100. Coupled Equilibria
101. Introduction
102. Review of Redox Chemistry
103. Galvanic Cells
104. Electrode and Cell Potentials
105. Potential, Free Energy, and Equilibrium
106. Batteries and Fuel Cells
107. Corrosion
108. Electrolysis
109. Introduction
110. Periodicity
111. Occurrence and Preparation of the Representative Metals
112. Structure and General Properties of the Metalloids
113. Structure and General Properties of the Nonmetals
114. Occurrence, Preparation, and Compounds of Hydrogen
115. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Carbonates
116. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Nitrogen
117. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Phosphorus
118. Occurrence, Preparation, and Compounds of Oxygen
119. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Sulfur
120. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Halogens
121. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of the Noble Gases
122. Introduction
123. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Transition Metals and Their Compounds
124. Coordination Chemistry of Transition Metals
125. Spectroscopic and Magnetic Properties of Coordination Compounds
126. Introduction
127. Hydrocarbons
128. Alcohols and Ethers
129. Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids, and Esters
130. Amines and Amides
131. Introduction
132. Nuclear Structure and Stability
133. Nuclear Equations
134. Radioactive Decay
135. Transmutation and Nuclear Energy
136. Uses of Radioisotopes
137. Biological Effects of Radiation
Appendix
The Periodic Table
Essential Mathematics
Units and Conversion Factors
Fundamental Physical Constants
Water Properties
Composition of Commercial Acids and Bases
Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Ionization Constants of Weak Acids
Ionization Constants of Weak Bases
Solubility Products
Formation Constants for Complex Ions
Standard Electrode (Half-Cell) Potentials
Half-Lives for Several Radioactive Isotopes
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Appendix Copyright © by D. Latimer; D. Vanderwel; and J. Hollett is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.